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Background moves downwards in economy culture currently in effect, 1978 work out the policy retiring has certain lagging nature, the main body of a book is hoped by questionnaire law, the attitude to retirement age makes an investigation to the female who works and the knowledge female, basis adjusting the reality providing a relevance for policy the days to come. ¡¾Key words¡¿Retirement age; Gender differences 1 ÎÄÏ×»Ø¹Ë ¹úÄÚ¹ØÓÚÍËÐÝÄêÁäµÄÕùÂÛÖ÷Òª¼¯ÖÐÔÚ¶ÔÑÓ³¤ÍËÐÝÄêÁäºÍ·´¶ÔÑÓ³¤ÍËÐÝÄêÁäµÄ·×ÕùÉÏ¡£Ö÷ÒªÓÐÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½ÃæµÄì¶Ü:¢ÙÈË¿ÚÔ¤ÆÚÊÙÃü¡£¢ÚÈËÁ¦×ÊÔ´¡£¢ÛÉÄÑøÀÏÈË¡£¢ÜÈË¿ÚÀÏÁ仯¡£¢ÝÐÔ±ð¡£Òò´Ë,±¾ÎÄÏ£Íûͨ¹ý¶ÔÀͶ¯Å®ÐÔºÍ֪ʶŮÐԵĵ÷²é,½ÒʾËýÃǶÔÍËÐÝÄêÁäµÄ²»Í¬Ì¬¶È,ΪÒÔºóµÄÕþ²ßÐÞÕýÌṩÒÀ¾Ý¡£ 2 Õþ²ß·ÖÎö 2.1 Õþ²ßµÄ±³¾°·ÖÎö¡£ ÎÒ¹úÄÐÅ®ÍËÐÝÄêÁäʵÐвî±ð¶Ô´ý,Å®ÐÔÔçÓÚÄÐÐÔÍËÐݵÄÕþ²ßÔÚ50Äê´úÖƶ¨²¢ÊµÐÐ, ºÜ´ó³Ì¶ÈÉÏÊÜÇ°ËÕÁªµÄÓ°Ïì ¡£¸ÃÕþ²ßÖƶ¨µÄ³õÖÔ,Ò»ÊÇÓÐÀûÓÚÈË¿ÚµÄÔÙÉú²ú,¶þÊÇΪ±£»¤³Ðµ£ÈË¿ÚÔÙÉú²úÖص£µÄĸÇ×µÄÉíÌ彡¿µ¡£¶øÕâÒ»Õþ²ßµ±Ê±²¢Î´Ôâµ½ºÜ´óµÄÖÊÒÉ¡£ÒòΪµ±Ê±ÕâÖÖÄÐÅ®ÓбðµÄÍËÐÝÕþ²ß¿ÉÄÜÊÇ·ûºÏÉç»áÔ¤Æں͸¾Å®ÐèÇóµÄ¡£Ëæ×ÅÉç»áÉú²úÁ¦µÄ·¢Õ¹ºÍ¿Æѧ¼¼ÊõµÄ½ø²½,ÎÒ¹úÉç»áÓÐÁ˺ܴóµÄ±ä»¯,¸øÅ®ÐÔ¸öÈË¡¢ÈºÌåÒ²´øÀ´±ä»¯¡£Ê×ÏÈ,¹ÛÄîµÄ±ä»¯,Êг¡¾¼Ã»·¾³ÏÂ,¹¤×÷²»ÔÙÓɹú¼Ò¼Æ»®·ÖÅä,ÓÉÓÃÈ˵¥Î»ÓëÀͶ¯ÕßË«ÏòÑ¡Ôñ,Õâ´ÙʹÈËÃÇÀͶ¯¼ÛÖµ¹ÛµÄ¸Ä±ä¡£Æä´Î,Å®ÐԵĽ¡¿µ×´¿ö´óÓиÄÉÆ,¸¾Å®µÄƽ¾ùÊÙÃüÒѳ¤ÓÚÄÐÐÔ¡£ÔÙ´Î,Å®ÐԵľÍÒµÄÜÁ¦ÔöÇ¿,¼Æ»®ÉúÓýÕþ²ßµÄʵʩ,ʹŮÐÔµÄÉúÓý¸ºµ£¼õÇáÁ˲»ÉÙ,Å®ÐÔÒÑ´Ó·±ÖصļÒÎñÖнâ·Å³öÀ´¡£¹ú¼Ò¾ÅÄêÒåÎñ½ÌÓýµÄÆÕ¼°,Å®ÐÔµÄÎÄ»¯Ë®Æ½×ÜÌåÌá¸ß,ÕâЩʹ¸¾Å®Óиü¶àµÄ¾«Á¦¹¤×÷,Ò²ÓÐÁËʤÈι¤×÷µÄ»ù´¡¡£ ¿É¼û,²úÉúÓÚ50Äê´úµÄÄÐÅ®ÓбðµÄÍËÐÝÖƶȷ´Ó³²¢·ûºÏµ±Ê±µÄÉç»á×´¿ö,ÓÐÒ»¶¨ºÏÀíÐÔ»ù´¡¡£µ½Á˽ñÌì,ÕâЩ»ù´¡ÒÑÖð²½Ïûʧ¡£¼ÌÐøÖ´ÐÐÕâ¸öÕþ²ß,½á¹û²»ÊÇÕþ²ßÖƶ¨ÕߵijõÖÔ ±£»¤¸¾Å® ,¶ø¿ÉÄÜÊÇÏÞÖƸ¾Å®,É˺¦¸¾Å®¡£ 2.2 Õþ²ßµÄ·¨ÂÉÒâÒå·ÖÎö¡£ ÈËÀàÉç»áÎÄÃ÷½ø²½µÄ±êÖ¾Ö®ÊÇ×÷ΪÉç»á³ÉÔ±µÄ¸¾Å®ÓлñµÃ¾ÍÒµºÍ·¢Õ¹µÄȨÀû¡£Æ½µÈ²ÎÓëÉç»áÉú²úºÍ¾¼Ã»î¶¯²¢»ñµÃÏàÓ¦µÄÊÕÈëÊǸ¾Å®ÕùÈ¡Éú´æȨºÍ·¢Õ¹È¨µÄÇ°ÌáºÍ»ù´¡,¶ÔÓÚ¾ø´ó¶àÊýÅ®ÐÔ¶øÑÔ,ʧȥ¾¼ÃÉϵĶÀÁ¢,¾Í»áʧȥÔÚÉç»áºÍ¼ÒÍ¥ÖеÄƽµÈµØλ¡£¹¤×÷ÊÇÅ®ÐÔÓëÉç»á±£³ÖÁªÏµµÄÖØҪ;¾¶,Ò²ÊǸ¾Å®²ÎÓëÉç»á·¢Õ¹µÄ»ù±¾ÐÎʽ֮һ¡£ ÔÚ2005Äêͨ¹ýµÄ¡¶¸¾Å®È¨Òæ±£ÕÏ·¨¡·ÐÞÕý°¸,Õýʽ½«ÄÐŮƽµÈÈ·Á¢ÎªÎÒ¹úµÄ»ù±¾¹ú²ß¡£Ëùν»ù±¾¹ú²ß,ÊÇÒ»¸ö¹ú¼ÒΪ½â¾ö´øÓÐÆÕ±éÐÔ¡¢È«¾ÖÐÔ¡¢³¤Ô¶ÐÔÎÊÌâ¶øÈ·¶¨µÄ´ø¸ù±¾ÐÔµÄ×ÜÕþ²ß,ÔÚ¹ú¼ÒÕþ²ßÌåϵÖд¦ÓÚ×î¸ß²ã´Î,¶ÔÆäËû¾ßÌåÕþ²ßÆðµ¼ÏòºÍÖÆÔ¼×÷ÓÃ,²¢ÎªÏà¹ØÁìÓòµÄÕþ²ßе÷ÌṩÒÀ¾Ý¡£´ÓÕþ²ßµÄ²ãÃæÉÏ¿´,ÄÐÅ®ÍËÐÝÄêÁä²îÒìÒ²ÊǶÔÄÐŮƽµÈ»ù±¾¹ú²ßµÄÎ¥·´¡£ 2.3 Õþ²ßÖ´ÐеĽá¹û·ÖÎö¡£ Ö´ÐÐÄиßÅ®µÍµÄÍËÐÝÄêÁä,¶Ô¸¾Å®µÄÓ°ÏìÊǶ෽ÃæµÄ¡£Ö÷ÒªÓÐÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½Ãæ: 2.3.1 ÍËÐݺóµÄÉú»îˮƽϽµ¡£ÒòΪÍËÐݽðÓ빤ÁäÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÁªÏµ,ÄÐŮͬʱ²Î¼Ó¹¤×÷,ÔçÍËÐÝ,ÍËÐݽð±ØÈ»¾ÍÉÙ¡£±¾¿ÆÉúµÄÄêÁä°ãΪ23Ëê×óÓÒ,ÖÁ55Ëê,Å®ÐÔ¹¤ÁäÒ»°ã´ïµ½32Äê¡£ÕâÒâζ×Å°´ÏÖÐеÄÍËÐݹ涨,±¾¿ÆÒÔÉϵÄÅ®ÐÔÖÐÓÐÏ൱¶àµÄÈ˽«ÎÞ·¨»ñµÃ½Ï¸ßµÄÍËÐÝ´ýÓö¡£ 2.3.2 ·Á°ÁËÅ®ÐÔËØÖʺ;ºÕùÁ¦µÄÌá¸ß¡£ÍËÐÝÄêÁäµÄ¹Ì¶¨,Òª¹¤Á䳤,¾ÍÒªÔç²Î¼Ó¹¤×÷¡£Õâ¾ÍÒâζ¸ÃÅ®ÐÔÒª¼õÉÙ»ò²»ÔٲμӸߵȽÌÓý¡£¶øÅ®ÐԵĵÍËØÖʱؽ«Ï÷?ÈõÆäÔÚÉç»áÖеľºÕùÁ¦,±»ÌÔ̵ĿÉÄܽ«´ó´ó¸ßÓÚÄÐÐÔ¡£ 2.3.3 Ó°Ï쵽ŮÐÔµÄÖ°Òµ·¢Õ¹ºÍÕþÖÎǰ;¡£ÓÉÓÚÊÜÌáÇ°5ÄêÍËÐݵÄÏÞÖÆ,Å®ÐÔÓëÄÐÐÔÔÚ½ÓÊÜͬµÈ½ÌÓý,²Î¼Ó¹¤×÷ʱ¼äÎÞÇø±ðµÄÇé¿öÏÂ,È´»áÔÚ¹¤×÷¸ÚλµÄÑ¡Ôñ¡¢¹©Ö°µ¥Î»µÄÁ÷ת¡¢»ú¹¹¸Ä¸ïÖеÄÈËÔ±·ÖÁ÷¡¢¸É²¿Ìá°ÎʹÓõÈÖî¶à·½ÃæÓöµ½ÓëÄÐÐÔÏà²îÐüÊâµÄ´ýÓö¡£ 2.3.4 µ¼ÖÂÅ®ÐÔÈ˲Å×ÊÔ´±»ÀË·Ñ¡£Å®ÐÔÌáÇ°ÎåÄêÍËÐÝ,¿Í¹ÛÉÏËõ¶ÌÁËÅ®ÐԵľÍҵʱ¼ä,ʹŮÐÔÈ˲ŹýÔçÍ˳öÁ˹¤×÷µÄÎę̀,ÒÖÖÆÁËÅ®ÐÔÈ˲ŵļÛÖµ·¢»Ó,Ôì³ÉÅ®ÐÔÈ˲Å×ÊÔ´µÄ´óÃæ»ýÀË·Ñ¡£ÓÈÆäÊǾßÓиßÖм¶Ö°³ÆµÄ֪ʶŮÐÔ¡£ËýÃÇÆձ鷴ӳ,55ËêÕýÊǾÑé·á¸»,ÎÞÇ£ÎÞ¹Ò,¾«Á¦³äÅæ,¿ÉÈ«ÉíÐÄͶÈ빤×÷µÄ»Æ½ðʱÆÚ,È»¶øÃæÁÙµÄÈ´ÊÇÎÞÇéµÄÍËÐÝ¡£¶øÔÚ֮ǰ,ËýÃÇËùÊܽÌÓý¡¢¹¤×÷µÄ¾ÀúºÍ¾ÑéÓëÄÐÐÔÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ¡£ 2.3.5 µ¼ÖÂÅ®ÐÔ¾ÍÒµÊÜÆçÊÓµÄÔÒòÖ®Ò»¡£»ùÓÚÉúÀíÒòËØ,Íê³ÉÈË¿ÚÔÙÉú²úµÄÈÎÎñÖ÷Òª»¹ÊÇÓɸ¾Å®Íê³É¡£»³ÔС¢ÉúÓý¡¢²¸Èé,²»¿É±ÜÃâÒªÕ¼¾ÝÒ»¶¨µÄʱ¼ä¡¢¾«Á¦¡£×÷ΪÓÃÈ˵¥Î»,»ùÓڳɱ¾µÄ¿¼ÂÇ,ÕÐÄв»ÕÐÅ®¡£. 3 Õþ²ß½¨Òé µ±ÐµÄÄÐÅ®ÍËÐÝÄêÁäÖƶÈÉÐδʵʩʱ,±ÊÕßÈÏΪӦ²ÉÈ¡ÏàÓ¦µÄ´ëÊ©,ÒÔ±£ÕÏÅ®ÐÔȨÒæ,¾¡¿ÉÄÜʵÏÖÄÐŮƽµÈ¡£ 3.1 Ëõ¶ÌÄÐÅ®ÍËÐÝÑøÀϽðµÄ²î¾à¡£Ä¿Ç°,¶ÔÓÚÍËÐÝÄêÁäµÄÕùÒé,ºÜ¶àÊǼ¯ÖÐÔÚÍËÐݺóµÄ¾¼ÃÊÕÈë·½Ãæ¡£¶Ô´Ë,ÎÒÃǽ¨Òé,¿ÉÒÔÀûÓÃÕþ²ß·¨¹æ³ǫ̈µÄÆõ»ú,´ÓÅ®ÐԵĽǶÈΪŮÐÔ˵»°,²»¶ÏÓÅ»¯Õþ²ß»·¾³,¶ÔÕý³£ÍËÐÝÄêÁäÍËÐݵÄÅ®ÐÔ,ÏàÓ¦Ìá¸ßÍËÐݽð;¹æ¶¨¶Ôͬһ²ãÃæµÄÈËÔ±,ҪʹÆäÍËÐÝʱÏíÊÜͬµÈµÄ²¹Ìù,½«Å®ÐÔ»ñµÃÂú¶îÍËÐݽðµÄ¹¤Áä´Ó35ËêϽµµ½30Ëê×óÓÒ,ÒÔÈ·±£ÄÐÅ®ÍËÐݺó¾¼ÃÊÕÈëµÄƽµÈ¡£ 3.2 ½«ÍËÐݽðÒ»·ÖΪ¶þ¡£ÎÒ¹úеÄÑøÀϱ£ÏÕÖƶÈÒѾ¿ªÊ¼ÊµÐÐ »ù´¡ÑøÀϽð (ÄÐŮƽ¾ù·ÖÅä)Óë ¸öÈËÕÊ»§ÑøÀϽð (Ó빤´ÎºÍ½É·Ñ¹ØÁª)Ïà½áºÏµÄ°ì·¨¡£ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÕùÈ¡Ìá¸ß »ù´¡ÑøÀϽð µÄ±ÈÀý,ÒòΪƽ¾ù·ÖÅäµÄÍËÐݽðÔ½¶à,¶ÔÓÚÅ®ÐÔ¾ÍÔ½ÓÐÀû¡£Í¬Ê±,Öð²½×öʵ¸öÈËÕË»§,ÕæÕýʵÏÖÏÖÊÕÏÖ¸¶Ïò²¿·Ö»ýÀÛµÄģʽת»»¡£ 3.3 ·Ö²½ÑÓ³¤·¨¶¨ÍËÐÝÄêÁä¡£Ëæ×ÅÉç»áµÄ·¢Õ¹,ÑÓ³¤ÍËÐÝÄêÁä³ÉΪÈËÃÇÈÕÒæ¹Ø×¢µÄÎÊÌâ¡£µ«ÊÇ,Ìá¸ß·¨¶¨ÍËÐÝÄêÁäÉæ¼°µ½ÈËÃÇÉú»îµÄºÜ¶àÁìÓò,Ôì³ÉµÄÉç»áÓ°ÏìÒ²½«»á·Ç³£´ó¡£ËùÒÔ,ÔÚ×öÕâÏ×÷ʱ,²»ÄÜÑ°ÇóËٶȵĽݾ¶,Ñ°ÇóÒ»²½µ½Î»,¶øҪСÐĽ÷É÷,ʹ¸Ä¸ï»ºÂýµØ¡¢½¥½øµØ½øÐÐ,ÕâÑù²Å¿ÉÄܵõ½Éç»á¸÷½çµÄÈÏͬºÍ½ÓÊÜ¡£ 3.4 ÍÆÐе¯ÐÔÍËÐÝÖƶȡ£ÓÉÓÚ¸÷µØÇø¡¢¸÷ÐÐÒµ·¢Õ¹²»Æ½ºâ,Å®ÐÔ½ÓÊܵĽÌÓýÄêÏÞ²»Í¬,¹¤×÷»·¾³²»Í¬,¹¤×÷ÐÔÖʲ»Í¬,ÓÉ´Ë´øÀ´µÄÅ®ÐԵŤ×÷¸ºµ£Ò²²»Æ½ºâ¡£ËùÒÔ,ÎÒ¹úÄ¿Ç°µÄÏÖ״ʹÎÒ¹úµÄÍËÐÝÖƶȲ»¿ÉÄÜʵÐе¥Ò»µÄ·½Ê½¡£ µ±Ç°,ÎÒ¹úÕý´¦ÔÚÖØÒªµÄתÐÍʱÆÚ,¸Ä¸ï¿ª·ÅµÄÉîÈëºÍÊг¡¾¼ÃÌåÖƵĽ¨Á¢ºÍÍêÉÆ,Ϊ¸¾Å®µÄÕæÕýƽµÈ´´ÔìÁËÇ°ËùδÓеĻúÓöºÍÌôÕ½,ͬʱ,Ò²¶ÔÔÓеÄÕþ²ß½ç¶¨ºÍ·¨Âɹ涨,Ìá³öÁ˽øÒ»²½¼ÓÒÔÍêÉƺ͸ĽøµÄÒªÇó,µ«Ô¸Í¨¹ýÖƶ¨ÄÐŮͬÁäÍËÐݵÄÖƶÈ,ÄÜʹÄÐŮƽµÈÕâÏî»ù±¾¹ú²ßÄÜÔÚ¸÷¸ö·½ÃæµÃµ½¸üºÃµÄ¹á³¹ºÍÂäʵ¡£ ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× [1]¶¡¾ê.2003,¡¶Ò²Ì¸ÄÐÅ®ÊÇ·ñÓ¦ÏíÓÐƽµÈ¾ÍҵȨÓëƽµÈµÄÀëÍËÐÝ´ýÓö¡·,¡¶¸¾Å®Ñо¿ÂÛ´Ô¡· [2]¶¡¾ê.2005,¡¶ÂÛÄÐŮƽµÈ¾ÍҵȨÓëͬÄêÁäÍËÐÝÕþ²ß¡·,ÈË¿ÚÊÀ½çÍøÕ¾ ¡¾¡¿ ÔðÈα༣ºÀÏA ½ðÈÚΣ»ú»·¾³ÏÂÎÒ¹ú¹«ÎñÔ±ËØÖʵÄÔÙËÜÔì
Õª Òª£ºË°ÊÕÁ÷ʧÒѾ³ÉΪÎÒ¹úË°ÊÕÁìÓòµÄÒ»ÏîÍçÖ¢£¬¼õÉÙÁ˹ú¼ÒµÄ²ÆÕþÊÕÈ룬ÑÏÖظÉÈÅÁËÕý³£µÄË°ÊÕ¹¤×÷ºÍÉç»á¾¼ÃÉú»îÖÈÐò¡£±¾ÎĶÔË°ÊÕÁ÷ʧµÄ¸ÅÄî¡¢ÐÎʽ¡¢ÏÖ×´ºÍ²úÉúË°ÊÕÁ÷ʧµÄÒòËؽøÐÐÁ˼òµ¥µÄ·ÖÎö£¬²¢Ìá³öÁËÖÎÀíË°ÊÕÁ÷ʧµÄ³õ²½´ëÊ©¡£ ¹Ø¼ü´Ê£ºË°ÊÕÁ÷ʧ£»Ë°ÊÕÕþ²ß£»²ÆÕþÊÕÈë Abstract: The tax revenue outflow already became our country tax revenue domain stubborn illness, reduced the national financial revenue, has disturbed the normal tax revenue work and the social economy life order seriously. 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